Study The affect long-commutes have on pregnant women

Study The affect long-commutes have on pregnant womenStudy The affect long-commutes have on pregnant womenFor most, long, miserable commutes are unavoidable. Ostensibly, the worst of it relates to the careful balance of trying to be productive while attempting to deflect a throng of misplaced elbows and briefcases. However new data published in the Journal of Economics and Human Biology submits more serious consequences of our daily shuttles, specifically for pregnant women.In fact, the researchers behind the empirical study are the very first to examine the impact of long-distance commutes during pregnancy, finding that the daily amount of maternal stress that is married to so many Americans treks to work, can adversely affect birth health outcomes.Follow Ladders on FlipboardFollow Ladders magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and moreThe shocking impact on appointment frequencyThe research comes courtesy of the dual efforts of Lehi gh University and The University of Wisconsin-Madison. They began with a sample of women that reported an average work commute distance of 64 miles a day, which worked out to about 74 minutes by car, (though it should be noted that the results pertained primarily to distance as opposed to the time it takes to transverse said distance.) The Census defines a long distance commute as at least 50 miles in other words, more than 10 miles less than the average distance reported by the studys participants.Moreover, despite medical professionals recommending pregnant women get their first checkup under eight weeks, the majority of the pool of women in the new study reported that they didnt get their first checkup until eleven weeks. Fifteen percent of the participants didnt get a checkup until after their first trimester and 4% either didnt get one until after their third trimester, or they didnt get one at all. This is important because long-distance commutes were found to influence both b irth health outcomes and the number of prenatal visits. Adding 10 miles to a long-distance commute was associated with a 2.5% reduction in the number of prenatal appointments.The specific birth health outcomesMore grimly, an increasing distance of already long commutes by 10 miles was revealed to increase the likelihood of low-birth-weight by 0.9 percentage points and intrauterine growth restriction by 0.6 percentage points. Intrauterine growth is when an unborn baby grows slower than the normal rate inside the womb.Participants that bore male children were additionally found to increase their likelihood of getting a C-section due to their long commutes.The study concludes, In addition to the maternal stress induced by long commutes being one potential biological mechanism, we find suggestive evidence showing that maternal long commutes during pregnancy are also associated with under-utilization of prenatal care.You might also enjoyNew neuroscience reveals 4 rituals that will make you happyStrangers know your social class in the first seven words you say, study finds10 lessons from Benjamin Franklins daily schedule that will double your productivityThe worst mistakes you can make in an interview, according to 12 CEOs10 habits of mentally strong people

The Art of the Follow Up

The Art of the Follow UpThe Art of the Follow UpSo you made it through the vorstellungsgesprch and youre thinking it went pretty well. Awesome but your work isnt done yet you still need to follow up. This is a very important step that shows the hiring manager that youre still interested and hopefully, get the job. Here are a few suggestions to make the perfectly timed follow upDont leave the interview without thisTry to find out the employers timeline for evaluating clients before you leave the interview. Ask about when you should expect to hear back from them or maybe next steps in the process. This will really help you understand when and how to follow up. If youre unable to gather this information, you still need to follow up in a polite and timely manner.Break out the penmanshipUnless they specified otherwise during the interview process, its a good idea to follow up with a thank you note. This isnt just simple politeness, its a great chance to show them that they are a high pr iority for you and that everyone you met was very polite and made you feel at home. Keep it brief and professional, this isnt the time to go on a rant about your qualifications. That should have been covered during the interview.When you dont hear backGive the recruiter 2-3 days past their original estimate before following up. Its okay to call or email. Always be polite and do it in a low-pressure way. The follow up can be as simple as Jared, Id like to know if Im still being considered for the position or if its already been filled. I have an interview coming up next week but your position is my first choice, and I thought it would be nice to touch base before I looked to pursue anything else.Keep searchingDefinitely do not put your job search on hold waiting to hear back from one company. While youre waiting to hear from them, continue sending out your resume, schedule interviews and continue networking to find other available jobs. You might never hear back from the company at a ll sad but true so keep in mind you might have to move on. Its also possible that you might hear back from them a month after the interview and their response might be positive. You just never know so keep sending out that resumeRemember that what you do after an interview is just as important as the interview itself. Good luck

Top trends in Tampa Hiring

Top trends in Tampa HiringTop trends in Tampa HiringTop trends in Tampa HiringIntelligence dug into whos hiring and for what in Tampa these days. If youre recruiting in this area, youll want to know what we found.The Tampa area has a diverse and robust economy with substantial opportunities for business and professional growth. Home to several Fortune 500 companies, Tampa is largely influenced by the tourism industry and is a leader in medical and high technology research. The biggest drivers of job growth are the Tampa metro areas professional and business services, leisure and hospitality, retail trade, and healthcare industries. The area has created 38,200 new jobs over the past 12-months the unemployment rate was 4.6% in August 2016 which was 0.3 percentage points below the national rate of 4.9%.By August 2016, about 1.5 million workers were employed in the Tampa area, and the market accounts for 6% of all jobs posted on in the South Atlantic region. To give you some insight into what your recruiting competitors are up to, our Intelligence team analyzed data from the CEB TalentNeuron tool to identify which companies are posting the most jobs, and which jobs are most listed, and which jobs are most searched. Supporting Tampas diverse economy some of the positions most in-demand include truck drivers, registered nurses, and retail workersWhat are companies hiring for?fruchtwein Common Employment in TampaRetail SalespersonsCustomer tafelgeschirr RepresentativesFood Preparation and Serving WorkersCashiersWaiters and WaitressesMost In-Demand Jobs in TampaRegistered NursesCustomer Service RepresentativesTruck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-trailerRetail SalespersonsRetail SupervisorsTampa Jobs41% of available Tampa area jobs are for Healthcare, Sales, and Technology workersOf all open healthcare positions, 44% of available Healthcare jobs are for NursesOf all open sales positions, 32% of available Sales jobs are for RetailOf all open technology positions, 18% of avai lable Technology jobs are for Software DevelopersMost Common Tampa Jobs IncludeRegistered Nurses employed 25,520Annual wage $65,300Customer Service Representatives employed 42,650Annual wage $31,510Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-trailer employed 11,100Annual wage $36,370Retail Salespersons employed 45,100Annual wage $25,310What are job seekers looking for?Most viewed Tampa jobsCustomer Service RepresentativesSecretaries and Administrative AssistantsSales Representatives, Wholesale and ManufacturingReceptionists and Information ClerksMiscellaneous Managers (e.g., General Managers, etc.)Top Tampa job searchesSalesPart TimeCustomer ServiceReceptionistAdministrative AssistantAccountingWork from HomeManagerHuman ResourcesMedical AssistantWant to know more about the top trends in Tampa hiring? Check out the Tampa Market Overview from Intelligence.Data finding are based on analysis of all available online jobs reported by the TalentNeuron tool and job seeking activity from more than 22 m illion unique visitors1.1comScore Media Metrix, 1Q 2016, 3-month average, (includes all US Mobile + PC traffic)

These brain foods can improve your thinking and mood

These brain foods can improve yur thinking and moodThese brain foods can improve yur thinking and moodResearch proves that proper nutrition is essential to promote brain and overall body health, and to defend against diseases such as alzheimer-krankheits disease. Following a brain foods nutrition program such as the Memory Preservation Nutrition (MPN), or the Mediterranean, MIND or Nordic diets helps you attain optimal brain and overall body health. More and mora people are realizing that what we eat affects brain power, how we feel, our mood and even pain levels. This article, together with the series to follow, will teach you about the many delicious foods that help your brain, and which foods hurt your brain, as well as the scientific basis for this knowledge. What we eat matters.Since 2014 a series of research studies reported in leading scientific journals and at AAIC research conferences sponsored by the national morbus alzheimers Association have offered dramatic proof that br ain healthy nutrition and other lifestyles in older adults not only reduce risk of AD and cognitive decline but can slow progression in early AD and MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment)Research studies show how good brain healthy nutritionSlows or reverses the buildup of beta amyloid pathology associated with alzheimer-krankheits disease.Impacts chronic diseases that compromise brain health, parteicularly diabetes, heart disease and stroke.Helps improve sugar metabolism, promote healthy insulin and cardiovascular function.Can delay onset of cognitive decline.Slows the progression of cognitive decline.Improves emotional health, both by decreasing flaute and alleviating stress.Cognitive health emotional health Same or different brain foods?For a couple of decades scientists in the cognitive research world and scientists in the mental or emotional health worlds have been working separately (with a few exceptions e.g. binnensee Psaltopoulou et. al. ), on parallel tracks, exploring whether l ifestyle, including nutrition, can have a positive effect on the brain. Logically, given it is the same human brain that produces both thoughts and moods, weve proposed similar foods would have positive impact in both areas. Early research results suggest this logical idea has legs.Early studies begin identifying potential brain foodsFor 15 years, the primary human nutrition and cognition studies were cohort or epidemiological studies. First scientists looked at individual foods or types of foods to see if eating them earlier in life appeared to be correlated with risk of alzheimer-krankheits and cognitive decline. (see references for Morris, Okereke as examples ). Hundreds of clinical and lab studies have helped scientists test the impact of various foods on cognitive function and brain structure and biochemistry. It was often hard to consistently identify a robust effect when clinical trials were attempted for example with a single vitamin such as Vit. E or B vitamins, or a single food, such as fish oils. Then Nikos Scarmeas, M.D. created a way to look at a dietary pattern or group of foods by applying points to positive brain foods (or for avoiding negative foods). He and his colleagues at Columbia were able to suggest that eating foods typical of a Mediterranean style diet, among older adults of mostly non-Mediterranean ethnicity, was correlated with significantly lower risk of getting morbus alzheimers disease and or lau cognitive impairment. Then Martha Clare Morris, our foremost epidemiologist in nutrition and cognition in the U.S. who had done dozens of studies looking at various individual nutrients, put together her own MIND diet based on her findings, and adopted Scarmeas MeDi point system idea to test her program compared to the MediDiet and DASH diets. The MIND diet is an important brain foods diet which showed promise in a series of cohort/epidemiological studies.For example, in 2015 two cohort studies from Dr. Martha Claire Morriss group confirm ed findings from other studies that fish is brain food sugar, simple carbs, high glycemic index or load, and transfats are all harmful to the brain. One study added to growing evidence that higher fish consumption is related to lower risk of AD and cognitive decline. A more important study, using almost 500 people in a middle-aged cohort from the Wisconsin Registry for alzheimer-krankheits Prevention study, average age 60, reported that people eating refined carbs, sugar and/or a high glycemic index diet tended to have a faster rate of cognitive decline. In a 188-person subset, she also showed that people who consumed more foods with a high glycemic load had a lower brain volume at baseline and those with high glycemic index diet had a higher rate of atrophy over a two-year period, (using MRI imaging) than people who ate healthier diets.Hundreds of animal and lab studies have helped scientists test the impact of various foods on cognitive function and brain structure, biochemistry, and neuronal function.The MIND diet is now in midst of a US government NIH funded randomized clinical trial and will be featured in a multi-domain lifestyle clinical trial funded by the US Alzheimers Association.Meanwhile, clinical trials in Finland, Spain, Australia, and the U.S. add proof that eating healthy foods such as those recommended by the MPN program improve thinking and memory, slow cognitive decline in older adults, and help relieve depression and anxiety in adults of all ages. Other European studies about brain foods show similar positive results in children.The results of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER study) a two-year randomized clinical trial, showed that proper nutrition, physical activity, cognitive training and social engagement improved cognitive performance in older adults aged 60 to 77 (Kivipelto). The Predimed Diet clinical trial proved that good diet alone can improve cognitive functioning in o lder adults. (Martinez-Lapiscina et. al)Predimed study First RCT to show diet affects cognitionA Spanish randomized clinical trial for adults at high risk for heart attack and/or stroke reported in 2014 found that closer adherence to a Mediterranean style diet with significant increased consumption of fish and legumes (beans, lentils, peas) together with daily consumption of either cup of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) OR 40 grams (about 1 oz) of nuts, improved cognition (as well as lowering risk of first time heart attack or stroke by a dramatic 30%). Further analysis showed that the increased EVOO consumption improved executive function and the increased (to daily) consumption of nuts improved memory. Thus ideally one would eat both of unterstellung brain foods daily, along with the other key elements of a Mediterranean diet fish, legumes, lots of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and decreased amounts of animal foods, especially red meat, and decreased amounts of processed foods, especially processed meats, and sweets/sugar/refined grains.A significant methodological finding of the Predi-med study was that giving participants free food was very effective in bringing about dietary changes the intervention group were given free olive oil and were given free nuts (50% walnuts, 25% almonds and 25% hazel nuts), and in each case, the respective recipients consumed the free foods at least 6 days out of 7, and this change was much more consistent than increases in any of the other recommended foods. This finding has already been utilized in subsequent diet studies where budgets allow, and also points to possible policy changes if a government decided to include brain/heart healthy food costs as part of insured health care expenses.Keep in mind that a different diet, referred to as the Finnish or Nordic diet, was the one successfully used as part of the multiple domain clinical trial conducted in Finland trial mentioned above.Brain imaging links Mediterranean Diet with lower amounts of ad pathologyIn 2015 an Australian longitudinal cohort study using brain scans found that healthy older adults who ate foods typical of a Mediterranean style diet had dramatically lower levels of beta amyloid (one of two problem proteins implicated in Alzheimers disease) accumulating in their brains over a three-year period than did those who did not eat such foods.Dr. SR Rainey-Smith reported results of an Australian longitudinal cohort study using PiB PET scans* reported at the July 2015 Alzheimers Association zwischenstaatlich Conference that older adults people who ate foods typical of a Mediterranean style diet (as determined using Nikos Scarmeass MeDI point method) had dramatically lower levels of beta amyloid accumulating in their brains over a three-year period than did those who did not eat such foods. In addition, people who ate less meat and more grains (meat/grain ratio), also had less accumulation of beta-amyloid in the brain scans. Fish, vegetables and certain other foods typical of the Mediterranean diet also were associated with less accumulation of beta-amyloid. For more about the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle (AIBL) study which supports Dr. Rainey-Smiths work seeThese and other studies prove that nutrition (and certain other lifestyles) can slow the build-up of Alzheimers pathology. NO DRUG CAN DO THIS.*PiB PET Scan is a type of imaging, using Pittsburg Compound B in positron effektenemission tomography, that is able to see build-up of Amyloid Beta (or A-beta), one of the two problem proteins implicated in development of Alzheimers disease.2017 Australian studies show brain healthy diets improve emotional healthTwo randomized clinical trials conducted with adults in Australia reported in 2017 rather dramatic clinically and statistically significant results of improved emotional health in just 3 months from interventions resulting in people changing to a Mediterranean style diet.The first RCT study in the wor ld to show diet improves emotional health was aptly called the SMILES (Supporting Modification of Lifestyle in Lower Emotional States) study.The SMILE study randomly assigned 67 adults of various ages, who had diagnoses of moderate or severe depression and at baseline were eating a poor diet (too few vegetables, fruits, lila drink meats and inadequate fiber and too many sweets, processed meats, and salty snacks), to a dietary intervention group and a supportive group therapy group the interventions lasted just 12 weeks. Both the treatment and control groups received the same number and length of group sessions. The dietary intervention group received 7 nutritional training sessions in selection and preparation of brain healthy foods recommended by the ModiMedDiet, a diet similar to the Mediterranean diet, led by a clinical dietician. The control group received social support. Depression symptomatology was the primary endpoint, assessed using the Montgomerysberg Depression Rating Sca le (MADRS) at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included rcksendung and change of symptoms, mood and anxiety. At the end of the 12 week study, the 33% of dietary intervention group experienced remission of their depressive symptoms compared to 8 % of the control group, and the intervention group had significantly lower MADRS scores compared to the control group. Of the original 67 adults in the study, 56 people remained in the study for the final assessments. Also, 55 of the 67 participants were already receiving psychotherapy, pharmacology or both treatments. Such strong significant results in a fairly small study is impressive. A perhaps unexpected result was that the intervention group saved $104/month by switching to a Mediterranean style diet since junk, processed, and sugary foods are expensiveA key feature of the second, larger HELFIMED study (85 adults aged 18-65 completed all 6 months of the study 152 started at baseline), was giving research participants free the recommended fo ods together with 3 months of group cooking lessons every other week, and 6 months of free fish oil supplements. The free foods, fish oil and cooking lessons resulted in actual dietary changes confirmed by analysis of blood samples as well as dietary questionnaires. The treatment group ate more brain foods and fewer foods harmful to the brain such as processed foods, unhealthy snacks, sweets, and red meat, and these changes continued even after free food and cooking classes ended at end of month 3. The reward? Depression scores decreased by 45%. The control group received social supportive group therapy every 2 weeks for 3 months supportive group therapy alone also improved mood of participants, but not as much as the dietary intervention. The Med Diet group improved 1.68 times more than the supportive therapy group. Every two weeks the experimental treatment group received a food hamper containing Mediterranean style brain foods such as olive oil, nuts, beans, canned fish, fresh ve getables and fruits, and a Mediterranean style diet cooking class daily each participant took 2 fish oil pills that contained a total of 900 mg of DHA and 200 mg of EPA. Research interviews and scales were used to assess mood (depression and anxiety) and quality of life.Of further interest is the finding that the food changes most significantly associated with lower depression scores were, the overall MediDiet score and eating more nuts and greater diversity in vegetables consumed (but not amount of vegetableswhich is a component of the MediDiet score). Greater diversity of vegetables consumed was also correlated with overall improvement in quality of life scores. For emotional quality of life, both consumption of legumes and diversity of vegetables were relevant along with overall MediDiet score. Increases in Omega 3s and decreases in Omega 6s as measured in blood tests were also somewhat correlated with mental health scores. For instance, increased EPA levels was correlated with r educed stress and anxiety and increased DHA levels with reduced negative emotions. Also notenzeichen that one can keep food costs reasonable by using quality canned fishes including wild salmon, sardines, trout and herring.Check out Dr. Drew Ramseys blogs on these two Australian studies and related information. I agree with his suggestion The FDA approves medications for a mental health condition like depression after it is demonstrated to beat placebo in two separate trials (last I checked). Wouldnt it be awesome if I could prescribe a food box and cooking classes for interested patients with depression and insurance covered it?Brain foods researchers agree onThe most researched brain healthy nutrition programs, along with my own MPN, all agree on the following recommendationsThe importance of eating more plant foods and fewer animal foods.Reducing intake of added sugar and refined carbohydrates.Avoiding packaged and processed foods (especially processed meats such as sausages, sal amis and bacon), trans-fats, and artificial sweeteners.Celebrating the delicious, healthful qualities of a wide range of vegetables (especially leafy greens), fruits (especially berries),Recommending whole foods, including fish and seafood, nuts and seeds, beans and lentils, and whole grains.Minimal amounts of red meats.Variations in recommendations from different researchers-identifying brain foods is still a work in progressDifferent programs emphasize different subcategories of some of these foods. For instance the MIND diet mentions only berries (1/2 cup/day) among fruits for daily consumption while the Nordic diet recommends orchard fruits such as pears, apples and peaches. The MIND diet emphasizes green leafy vegetables while the Nordic diet primarily recommends more broadly all vegetables except root vegetables. Programs also vary in the amount and types of grains recommended.The MPN is unique in also recommending the taste-enhancing, potent anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidan t powers of herbs and spices as well as the importance of daily consumption of foods rich in probiotic and prebiotics to increase the amount and variety of healthy bacteria in our guts or microbiomes, together with daily consumption of certain vitamins essential for brain function along with 2 grams of fish oil and supplements containing variety of powdered dehydrated or extracted vegetables, berries, other fruits, and herbs and spices. (For delicious MPN recipes) A later article in our series will feature a variety of brain healthy nutrition programs and compare them.Worldwide cooperation among scientists gives us extra hope that solutions will be foundIt is heartening to see how leaders in the brain healthy nutrition and other lifestyle fields are teaming together to help each other succeed in making significant advances in the science. Three of the leaders (Martha Morris ScD of Rush, Nikolaos Scarmeas MD of Columbia, and Gene Bowman, ND, MPH of Nestle in Switzerland) formed a pro fessional interest group on nutrition within AAIC which has become increasingly active in sponsoring and encouraging new research and reporting results.Combining nutrition with other brain healthy lifestylesIt is most beneficial for optimal cognition to combine brain healthy nutrition with other healthy lifestyles frequent physical exercise, adequate sleep, mental stimulation and social activity. Adequate sleep, physical exercise and social engagement also work with brain healthy nutrition to improve emotional health.Worldwide FINGER collaborations among leading lifestyle researchers across the world for major national studies all including the 4 lifestyles pioneered in the FINGER study nutrition, exercise, cognitive stimulation and social engagement, with each country free to choose the exact intervention for each domain and to add optional medical management domains such as heart, diabetes and/or depression. World wide FINGERS was launched in 2017 and includes the original Finnis h study, Australia (funded in 2015), and more recently, Britain, China, Singapore and most recently the USA (POINTER study). All the other clinical trials are financially supported by these countries respective governments in the USA the government was not taking quick action so the US based Alzheimers Association has instead funded the US study, launched in 2017 with the leader of the FINGER study one of 3 Co-PIs of the US study.This article was originally published on ThriveGlobal.com.Dr. Nancy Emerson Lombardo is Co-Founder of the Alzheimers Association and Alzheimer Disease International. She is an Adjunct Research Assistant Professor of Neurology at Boston University School of Medicine and on faculty of BUs Alzheimers Disease Center.References of researchers mentioned in thisarticleMorris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, Sacks FM, Bennett DA, Aggarwal NT.(Sept 2015) MIND diet slows cognitive decline with aging.Alzheimers Dementia11(9)1007-14.Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Bennett DA, Aggarwal N, Wilson RS, Scherr PA.Dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease in a biracial community study.JAMA. 2002 Jun 26287(24)3230-7.Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Schneider JA. Dietary folate and vitamin B12 intake and cognitive decline among community-dwelling older persons.Arch Neurol. 2005 Apr62(4)641-5.Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Scherr PA, Tangney CC, Hebert LE, Bennett DA, Wilson RS, Aggarwal N. Dietary niacin and the risk of incident Alzheimers disease and of cognitive decline.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Aug75(8)1093-9.Okereke OI, Rosner BA, Kim DH, et al. (2012) Dietary fat types and 4-year cognitive change in community-dwelling older women.Ann Neurol.72(1)124-134.Scarmeas N, himmelskrper Y, Mayeux R, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet, Alzheimer disease, and vascular mediation.Arch Neurol. 200663(12)1709-1717.Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Tang MX, Mayeux R, Luchsinger JA. Medite rranean diet and Risk of Alzheimers Disease.Ann Neurol. 2006 Jun59(6)912-21.Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Mayeux R, Manly JJ, Schupf N, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet and mild cognitive impairment.Arch Neurol. 200966(2)216- 225.Psaltopoulou T, Sergentanis TN, Panagiotakos DB, Sergentanis IN, Kosti R, Scarmeas N. Mediterranean diet, stroke, cognitive impairment, and depression A meta-analysis. Ann Neurol 201374(4)58091. doi 10.1002/ana.23944Kivipelto M, Solomon A, Ahtiluoto S, et al. (2013) The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) study design and progress.Alzheimers Dement. 20139(6)657-665.Kivipelto M, Rovio S, Ngandu T, Kreholt I, et al. Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 magnifies lifestyle risks for dementia- a population-based study. J Cell Mol Med. 200812(6B)2762-2771.Ngandu T, Lehtisalo J, Solomon A, Levlahti E, Ahtiluoto S, Antikainen R, Bckman L, Hnninen T, Jula A, Laatikainen T, Lindstrm J, Mangialasche F, Paajanen T, Pajala S, Pelto nen M, Rauramaa R, Stigsdotter-Neely A, Strandberg T, Tuomilehto J, Soininen H,Kivipelto M. A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER)Lancet 2015385(9984)2255-63.Martinez-Lapiscina EH, Clavero P, Toledo E, Estruch R,Salas-Salvad J,San Julin B,Sanchez-Tainta A,Ros E,Valls-Pedret C, Martinez-Gonzalez MA et al. Mediterranean diet improves cognition the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial. J Neurology, Neurosurgery Psychiatry 2013 Dec84(12)1318-25. doi 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304792. Epub 2013 May 13.Valls-Pedret C, Sala-Vila A, Serra-Mir M, Corella D, de la Torre R, Martnez-Gonzlez MA, Martnez-Lapiscina EH, Fit M, Prez-Heras A, Salas-Salvad J, Estruch R, Ros E. (2015) Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Cognitive Decline A Randomized Clinical Trial, 2015 Jul175(7)1094-103.doi 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.1668. published online May 11, 2015.Rainey-Smith SR, Gu Y, Gardener SL, Villemagne VL, Laws SM, Brown BM, Taddei K, Sohrabi HR, Weinborn M, Ames D, Ellis KA, Macaulay SL, Masters CL, Rowe CC, Scarmeas N, Martins RN and The AIBL Research Group. (July 2015) Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Less Cerebral Amyloid Accumulation over Time Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Ageing. Presented July 22, 2015 at Alzheimers Association International Conference (AAIC-2015), Washington D.C.Jacka FN, ONeil A, Opie R, Itsiopoulos C, Cotton S, Mohebbi M, Castle D, Dash S, Mihalopoulos C, Chatterton ML, Brazionis L, Dean OM, Hodge AM and Berk M. A randomised controlled trial of dietary improvement for adults with major depression (the SMILES trial).BMC Medicine (2017) 1523 DOI 10.1186/s12916-017-0791-yParletta N, Zarnowiecki D, Cho J, Wilson A, Bogomolova S, Villani A, Itsiopoulos C, Niyonsenga T, Blunden S, Meyer B, Segal L, Baune BT ODea K (2017) A Mediterranean-style dietaryintervention supplemented with fish oil improves diet quality and mental health in peoplewith depression A randomized controlled trial (HELFIMED), Nutritional Neuroscience, DOI10.1080/1028415X.2017.1411320andhere.Ramsey D. Timefor FDA approval of the Mediterranean diet to treat depression? DrewRamsey Feb 3, 2018References from author of this articlePresenter references1.Emerson Lombardo NB. (November 2015) Brain Healthy Foods Menus and Recipes Vol. 1.Acton, MA Brain Health and wohlbefinden Center.2.Emerson Lombardo NB.(Summer 2015) Memory Preservation Nutrition A Practical Evidence-Based Program For Brain Health.LPN-Q The Quarterly Journal of the Life Planning Network. 2 (issue 3).3.Emerson Lombardo NB.(Fall, 2014) Food for Thought Evidence-Based Memory Preservation Nutrition.Learn about a Program Dieticians Should Introduce to Clients and Patients. Todays Dietician.4.Emerson Lombardo NB(Nov 2014)Brain Healthy Foods for the Holidays. Acton, MA Brain Health and Wellness Center5.Emerson Lombardo NB.(Nov-Dec 2013)Ev idence-Based Memory Preservation Nutrition. Todays Geriatric Medicine. 6(6)26.6.Emerson Lombardo, NB(February 2012 ) Alzheimers Disease pp. 120-42 in James M. Rippe, MD, editor,Encyclopedia on Lifestyle Medicine and Health(2 volumes, 1296 pp). Thousand Oaks, CA Sage7.Wolf AB, Braden BB, Bimonte-Nelson H, Kusne Y, Young N, Engler-Chiurazzi E, Garcia AN, Walker DG, Moses GSD, Hung Tran H, LaFerla F, LihFen Lue,Emerson Lombardof N, Valla J. (2012) Broad-based nutritional supplementation in3xTG mice corrects mitochondrial function and indicates sex-specificity in response to Alzheimers intervention. Journal of Alzheimers Disease. 32(1)217-32.8.Emerson Lombardo, N.B.,Volicer, L .Martin, A,.Wu B and Zhang XW. (2006) Memory Preservation Diet To Reduce Risk and Slow Progression of Alzheimers Disease. in Vellas, B., Grundman, M., Feldman, H., Fitten, L.J., Winblad, B., ed.,Research and Practice in Alzheimers Disease and Cognitive Decline, vol 9, 138-159.These brain foods can improve your thi nking and moodResearch proves that proper nutrition is essential to promote brain and overall body health, and to defend against diseases such as Alzheimers disease. Following a brain foods nutrition program such as the Memory Preservation Nutrition (MPN), or the Mediterranean, MIND or Nordic diets helps you attain optimal brain and overall body health. More and more people are realizing that what we eat affects brain power, how we feel, our mood and even pain levels. This article, together with the series to follow, will teach you about the many delicious foods that help your brain, and which foods hurt your brain, as well as the scientific basis for this knowledge. What we eat matters.Since 2014 a series of research studies reported in leading scientific journals and at AAIC research conferences sponsored by the national Alzheimers Association have offered dramatic proof that brain healthy nutrition and other lifestyles in older adults not only reduce risk of AD and cognitive decl ine but can slow progression in early AD and MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment)Research studies show how good brain healthy nutritionSlows or reverses the buildup of beta amyloid pathology associated with Alzheimers disease.Impacts chronic diseases that compromise brain health, particularly diabetes, heart disease and stroke.Helps improve sugar metabolism, promote healthy insulin and cardiovascular function.Can delay onset of cognitive decline.Slows the progression of cognitive decline.Improves emotional health, both by decreasing depression and alleviating stress.Follow Ladders on FlipboardFollow Ladders magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and moreCognitive health emotional health Same or different brain foods?For a couple of decades scientists in the cognitive research world and scientists in the mental or emotional health worlds have been working separately (with a few exceptions e.g. see Psaltopoulou et. al. ), on parallel track s, exploring whether lifestyle, including nutrition, can have a positive effect on the brain. Logically, given it is the same human brain that produces both thoughts and moods, weve proposed similar foods would have positive impact in both areas. Early research results suggest this logical idea has legs.Early studies begin identifying potential brain foodsFor 15 years, the primary human nutrition and cognition studies were cohort or epidemiological studies. First scientists looked at individual foods or types of foods to see if eating them earlier in life appeared to be correlated with risk of Alzheimers and cognitive decline. (see references for Morris, Okereke as examples ). Hundreds of clinical and lab studies have helped scientists test the impact of various foods on cognitive function and brain structure and biochemistry. It was often hard to consistently identify a robust effect when clinical trials were attempted for example with a single vitamin such as Vit. E or B vitamins, or a single food, such as fish oils. Then Nikos Scarmeas, M.D. created a way to look at a dietary pattern or group of foods by applying points to positive brain foods (or for avoiding negative foods). He and his colleagues at Columbia were able to suggest that eating foods typical of a Mediterranean style diet, among older adults of mostly non-Mediterranean ethnicity, was correlated with significantly lower risk of getting Alzheimers disease and or mild cognitive impairment. Then Martha Clare Morris, our foremost epidemiologist in nutrition and cognition in the U.S. who had done dozens of studies looking at various individual nutrients, put together her own MIND diet based on her findings, and adopted Scarmeas MeDi point system idea to test her program compared to the MediDiet and DASH diets. The MIND diet is an important brain foods diet which showed promise in a series of cohort/epidemiological studies.For example, in 2015 two cohort studies from Dr. Martha Claire Morriss group c onfirmed findings from other studies that fish is brain food sugar, simple carbs, high glycemic index or load, and transfats are all harmful to the brain. One study added to growing evidence that higher fish consumption is related to lower risk of AD and cognitive decline. A more important study, using almost 500 people in a middle-aged cohort from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimers Prevention study, average age 60, reported that people eating refined carbs, sugar and/or a high glycemic index diet tended to have a faster rate of cognitive decline. In a 188-person subset, she also showed that people who consumed more foods with a high glycemic load had a lower brain volume at baseline and those with high glycemic index diet had a higher rate of atrophy over a two-year period, (using MRI imaging) than people who ate healthier diets.Hundreds of animal and lab studies have helped scientists test the impact of various foods on cognitive function and brain structure, biochemistry, and neuronal function.The MIND diet is now in midst of a US government NIH funded randomized clinical trial and will be featured in a multi-domain lifestyle clinical trial funded by the US Alzheimers Association.Meanwhile, clinical trials in Finland, Spain, Australia, and the U.S. add proof that eating healthy foods such as those recommended by the MPN program improve thinking and memory, slow cognitive decline in older adults, and help relieve depression and anxiety in adults of all ages. Other European studies about brain foods show similar positive results in children.The results of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER study) a two-year randomized clinical trial, showed that proper nutrition, physical activity, cognitive training and social engagement improved cognitive performance in older adults aged 60 to 77 (Kivipelto). The Predimed Diet clinical trial proved that good diet alone can improve cognitive functioning in older adults. (Martinez-Lapiscina et. al)Predimed study First RCT to show diet affects cognitionA Spanish randomized clinical trial for adults at high risk for heart attack and/or stroke reported in 2014 found that closer adherence to a Mediterranean style diet with significant increased consumption of fish and legumes (beans, lentils, peas) together with daily consumption of either cup of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) OR 40 grams (about 1 oz) of nuts, improved cognition (as well as lowering risk of first time heart attack or stroke by a dramatic 30%). Further analysis showed that the increased EVOO consumption improved executive function and the increased (to daily) consumption of nuts improved memory. Thus ideally one would eat both of these brain foods daily, along with the other key elements of a Mediterranean diet fish, legumes, lots of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and decreased amounts of animal foods, especially red meat, and decreased amounts of processed foods, especially p rocessed meats, and sweets/sugar/refined grains.A significant methodological finding of the Predi-med study was that giving participants free food was very effective in bringing about dietary changes the intervention group were given free olive oil and were given free nuts (50% walnuts, 25% almonds and 25% hazel nuts), and in each case, the respective recipients consumed the free foods at least 6 days out of 7, and this change was much more consistent than increases in any of the other recommended foods. This finding has already been utilized in subsequent diet studies where budgets allow, and also points to possible policy changes if a government decided to include brain/heart healthy food costs as part of insured health care expenses.Keep in mind that a different diet, referred to as the Finnish or Nordic diet, was the one successfully used as part of the multiple domain clinical trial conducted in Finland trial mentioned above.Brain imaging links Mediterranean Diet with lower a mounts of ad pathologyIn 2015 an Australian longitudinal cohort study using brain scans found that healthy older adults who ate foods typical of a Mediterranean style diet had dramatically lower levels of beta amyloid (one of two problem proteins implicated in Alzheimers disease) accumulating in their brains over a three-year period than did those who did not eat such foods.Dr. SR Rainey-Smith reported results of an Australian longitudinal cohort study using PiB PET scans* reported at the July 2015 Alzheimers Association International Conference that older adults people who ate foods typical of a Mediterranean style diet (as determined using Nikos Scarmeass MeDI point method) had dramatically lower levels of beta amyloid accumulating in their brains over a three-year period than did those who did not eat such foods. In addition, people who ate less meat and more grains (meat/grain ratio), also had less accumulation of beta-amyloid in the brain scans. Fish, vegetables and certain oth er foods typical of the Mediterranean diet also were associated with less accumulation of beta-amyloid. For more about the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle (AIBL) study which supports Dr. Rainey-Smiths work seeThese and other studies prove that nutrition (and certain other lifestyles) can slow the build-up of Alzheimers pathology. NO DRUG CAN DO THIS.*PiB PET Scan is a type of imaging, using Pittsburg Compound B in positron emission tomography, that is able to see build-up of Amyloid Beta (or A-beta), one of the two problem proteins implicated in development of Alzheimers disease.2017 Australian studies show brain healthy diets improve emotional healthTwo randomized clinical trials conducted with adults in Australia reported in 2017 rather dramatic clinically and statistically significant results of improved emotional health in just 3 months from interventions resulting in people changing to a Mediterranean style diet.The first RCT study in the world to show diet improves emotional health was aptly called the SMILES (Supporting Modification of Lifestyle in Lower Emotional States) study.The SMILE study randomly assigned 67 adults of various ages, who had diagnoses of moderate or severe depression and at baseline were eating a poor diet (too few vegetables, fruits, lean meats and inadequate fiber and too many sweets, processed meats, and salty snacks), to a dietary intervention group and a supportive group therapy group the interventions lasted just 12 weeks. Both the treatment and control groups received the same number and length of group sessions. The dietary intervention group received 7 nutritional training sessions in selection and preparation of brain healthy foods recommended by the ModiMedDiet, a diet similar to the Mediterranean diet, led by a clinical dietician. The control group received social support. Depression symptomatology was the primary endpoint, assessed using the Montgomerysberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) at 12 weeks. Second ary outcomes included remission and change of symptoms, mood and anxiety. At the end of the 12 week study, the 33% of dietary intervention group experienced remission of their depressive symptoms compared to 8 % of the control group, and the intervention group had significantly lower MADRS scores compared to the control group. Of the original 67 adults in the study, 56 people remained in the study for the final assessments. Also, 55 of the 67 participants were already receiving psychotherapy, pharmacology or both treatments. Such strong significant results in a fairly small study is impressive. A perhaps unexpected result was that the intervention group saved $104/month by switching to a Mediterranean style diet since junk, processed, and sugary foods are expensiveA key feature of the second, larger HELFIMED study (85 adults aged 18-65 completed all 6 months of the study 152 started at baseline), was giving research participants free the recommended foods together with 3 months of g roup cooking lessons every other week, and 6 months of free fish oil supplements. The free foods, fish oil and cooking lessons resulted in actual dietary changes confirmed by analysis of blood samples as well as dietary questionnaires. The treatment group ate more brain foods and fewer foods harmful to the brain such as processed foods, unhealthy snacks, sweets, and red meat, and these changes continued even after free food and cooking classes ended at end of month 3. The reward? Depression scores decreased by 45%. The control group received social supportive group therapy every 2 weeks for 3 months supportive group therapy alone also improved mood of participants, but not as much as the dietary intervention. The Med Diet group improved 1.68 times more than the supportive therapy group. Every two weeks the experimental treatment group received a food hamper containing Mediterranean style brain foods such as olive oil, nuts, beans, canned fish, fresh vegetables and fruits, and a Medi terranean style diet cooking class daily each participant took 2 fish oil pills that contained a total of 900 mg of DHA and 200 mg of EPA. Research interviews and scales were used to assess mood (depression and anxiety) and quality of life.Of further interest is the finding that the food changes most significantly associated with lower depression scores were, the overall MediDiet score and eating more nuts and greater diversity in vegetables consumed (but not amount of vegetableswhich is a component of the MediDiet score). Greater diversity of vegetables consumed was also correlated with overall improvement in quality of life scores. For emotional quality of life, both consumption of legumes and diversity of vegetables were relevant along with overall MediDiet score. Increases in Omega 3s and decreases in Omega 6s as measured in blood tests were also somewhat correlated with mental health scores. For instance, increased EPA levels was correlated with reduced stress and anxiety and i ncreased DHA levels with reduced negative emotions. Also note that one can keep food costs reasonable by using quality canned fishes including wild salmon, sardines, trout and herring.Check out Dr. Drew Ramseys blogs on these two Australian studies and related information. I agree with his suggestion The FDA approves medications for a mental health condition like depression after it is demonstrated to beat placebo in two separate trials (last I checked). Wouldnt it be awesome if I could prescribe a food box and cooking classes for interested patients with depression and insurance covered it?Brain foods researchers agree onThe most researched brain healthy nutrition programs, along with my own MPN, all agree on the following recommendationsThe importance of eating more plant foods and fewer animal foods.Reducing intake of added sugar and refined carbohydrates.Avoiding packaged and processed foods (especially processed meats such as sausages, salamis and bacon), trans-fats, and artifi cial sweeteners.Celebrating the delicious, healthful qualities of a wide range of vegetables (especially leafy greens), fruits (especially berries),Recommending whole foods, including fish and seafood, nuts and seeds, beans and lentils, and whole grains.Minimal amounts of red meats.Variations in recommendations from different researchers-identifying brain foods is still a work in progressDifferent programs emphasize different subcategories of some of these foods. For instance the MIND diet mentions only berries (1/2 cup/day) among fruits for daily consumption while the Nordic diet recommends orchard fruits such as pears, apples and peaches. The MIND diet emphasizes green leafy vegetables while the Nordic diet primarily recommends more broadly all vegetables except root vegetables. Programs also vary in the amount and types of grains recommended.The MPN is unique in also recommending the taste-enhancing, potent anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant powers of herbs and spices as well as the importance of daily consumption of foods rich in probiotic and prebiotics to increase the amount and variety of healthy bacteria in our guts or microbiomes, together with daily consumption of certain vitamins essential for brain function along with 2 grams of fish oil and supplements containing variety of powdered dehydrated or extracted vegetables, berries, other fruits, and herbs and spices. (For delicious MPN recipes) A later article in our series will feature a variety of brain healthy nutrition programs and compare them.Worldwide cooperation among scientists gives us extra hope that solutions will be foundIt is heartening to see how leaders in the brain healthy nutrition and other lifestyle fields are teaming together to help each other succeed in making significant advances in the science. Three of the leaders (Martha Morris ScD of Rush, Nikolaos Scarmeas MD of Columbia, and Gene Bowman, ND, MPH of Nestle in Switzerland) formed a professional interest group on nutrition w ithin AAIC which has become increasingly active in sponsoring and encouraging new research and reporting results.Combining nutrition with other brain healthy lifestylesIt is most beneficial for optimal cognition to combine brain healthy nutrition with other healthy lifestyles frequent physical exercise, adequate sleep, mental stimulation and social activity. Adequate sleep, physical exercise and social engagement also work with brain healthy nutrition to improve emotional health.Worldwide FINGER collaborations among leading lifestyle researchers across the world for major national studies all including the 4 lifestyles pioneered in the FINGER study nutrition, exercise, cognitive stimulation and social engagement, with each country free to choose the exact intervention for each domain and to add optional medical management domains such as heart, diabetes and/or depression. World wide FINGERS was launched in 2017 and includes the original Finnish study, Australia (funded in 2015), an d more recently, Britain, China, Singapore and most recently the USA (POINTER study). All the other clinical trials are financially supported by these countries respective governments in the USA the government was not taking quick action so the US based Alzheimers Association has instead funded the US study, launched in 2017 with the leader of the FINGER study one of 3 Co-PIs of the US study.This article was originally published on ThriveGlobal.com.Dr. Nancy Emerson Lombardo is Co-Founder of the Alzheimers Association and Alzheimer Disease International. She is an Adjunct Research Assistant Professor of Neurology at Boston University School of Medicine and on faculty of BUs Alzheimers Disease Center.References of researchers mentioned in thisarticleMorris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, Sacks FM, Bennett DA, Aggarwal NT.(Sept 2015) MIND diet slows cognitive decline with aging.Alzheimers Dementia11(9)1007-14.Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Bennett DA, Aggarwal N, Wilson RS, Sch err PA.Dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease in a biracial community study.JAMA. 2002 Jun 26287(24)3230-7.Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Schneider JA. Dietary folate and vitamin B12 intake and cognitive decline among community-dwelling older persons.Arch Neurol. 2005 Apr62(4)641-5.Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Scherr PA, Tangney CC, Hebert LE, Bennett DA, Wilson RS, Aggarwal N. Dietary niacin and the risk of incident Alzheimers disease and of cognitive decline.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Aug75(8)1093-9.Okereke OI, Rosner BA, Kim DH, et al. (2012) Dietary fat types and 4-year cognitive change in community-dwelling older women.Ann Neurol.72(1)124-134.Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Mayeux R, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet, Alzheimer disease, and vascular mediation.Arch Neurol. 200663(12)1709-1717.Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Tang MX, Mayeux R, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet and Risk of Alzheimers Disease.An n Neurol. 2006 Jun59(6)912-21.Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Mayeux R, Manly JJ, Schupf N, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet and mild cognitive impairment.Arch Neurol. 200966(2)216- 225.Psaltopoulou T, Sergentanis TN, Panagiotakos DB, Sergentanis IN, Kosti R, Scarmeas N. Mediterranean diet, stroke, cognitive impairment, and depression A meta-analysis. Ann Neurol 201374(4)58091. doi 10.1002/ana.23944Kivipelto M, Solomon A, Ahtiluoto S, et al. (2013) The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) study design and progress.Alzheimers Dement. 20139(6)657-665.Kivipelto M, Rovio S, Ngandu T, Kreholt I, et al. Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 magnifies lifestyle risks for dementia- a population-based study. J Cell Mol Med. 200812(6B)2762-2771.Ngandu T, Lehtisalo J, Solomon A, Levlahti E, Ahtiluoto S, Antikainen R, Bckman L, Hnninen T, Jula A, Laatikainen T, Lindstrm J, Mangialasche F, Paajanen T, Pajala S, Peltonen M, Rauramaa R, Stigsdotter-Neely A, Strand berg T, Tuomilehto J, Soininen H,Kivipelto M. A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER)Lancet 2015385(9984)2255-63.Martinez-Lapiscina EH, Clavero P, Toledo E, Estruch R,Salas-Salvad J,San Julin B,Sanchez-Tainta A,Ros E,Valls-Pedret C, Martinez-Gonzalez MA et al. Mediterranean diet improves cognition the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial. J Neurology, Neurosurgery Psychiatry 2013 Dec84(12)1318-25. doi 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304792. Epub 2013 May 13.Valls-Pedret C, Sala-Vila A, Serra-Mir M, Corella D, de la Torre R, Martnez-Gonzlez MA, Martnez-Lapiscina EH, Fit M, Prez-Heras A, Salas-Salvad J, Estruch R, Ros E. (2015) Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Cognitive Decline A Randomized Clinical Trial, 2015 Jul175(7)1094-103.doi 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.1668. published online May 11, 2015.Rainey-Smith SR, Gu Y, Gardener SL, Villemagne VL, Laws SM, Brown BM, Taddei K, Sohrabi HR, Weinborn M, Ames D, Ellis KA, Macaulay SL, Masters CL, Rowe CC, Scarmeas N, Martins RN and The AIBL Research Group. (July 2015) Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Less Cerebral Amyloid Accumulation over Time Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Ageing. Presented July 22, 2015 at Alzheimers Association International Conference (AAIC-2015), Washington D.C.Jacka FN, ONeil A, Opie R, Itsiopoulos C, Cotton S, Mohebbi M, Castle D, Dash S, Mihalopoulos C, Chatterton ML, Brazionis L, Dean OM, Hodge AM and Berk M. A randomised controlled trial of dietary improvement for adults with major depression (the SMILES trial).BMC Medicine (2017) 1523 DOI 10.1186/s12916-017-0791-yParletta N, Zarnowiecki D, Cho J, Wilson A, Bogomolova S, Villani A, Itsiopoulos C, Niyonsenga T, Blunden S, Meyer B, Segal L, Baune BT ODea K (2017) A Mediterranean-style dietaryintervention supplemented with fish oil improves diet quality and mental heal th in peoplewith depression A randomized controlled trial (HELFIMED), Nutritional Neuroscience, DOI10.1080/1028415X.2017.1411320andhere.Ramsey D. Timefor FDA approval of the Mediterranean diet to treat depression? DrewRamsey Feb 3, 2018References from author of this articlePresenter references1.Emerson Lombardo NB. (November 2015) Brain Healthy Foods Menus and Recipes Vol. 1.Acton, MA Brain Health and Wellness Center.2.Emerson Lombardo NB.(Summer 2015) Memory Preservation Nutrition A Practical Evidence-Based Program For Brain Health.LPN-Q The Quarterly Journal of the Life Planning Network. 2 (issue 3).3.Emerson Lombardo NB.(Fall, 2014) Food for Thought Evidence-Based Memory Preservation Nutrition.Learn about a Program Dieticians Should Introduce to Clients and Patients. Todays Dietician.4.Emerson Lombardo NB(Nov 2014)Brain Healthy Foods for the Holidays. Acton, MA Brain Health and Wellness Center5.Emerson Lombardo NB.(Nov-Dec 2013)Evidence-Based Memory Preservation Nutrition. Todays Geriatric Medicine. 6(6)26.6.Emerson Lombardo, NB(February 2012 ) Alzheimers Disease pp. 120-42 in James M. Rippe, MD, editor,Encyclopedia on Lifestyle Medicine and Health(2 volumes, 1296 pp). Thousand Oaks, CA Sage7.Wolf AB, Braden BB, Bimonte-Nelson H, Kusne Y, Young N, Engler-Chiurazzi E, Garcia AN, Walker DG, Moses GSD, Hung Tran H, LaFerla F, LihFen Lue,Emerson Lombardof N, Valla J. (2012) Broad-based nutritional supplementation in3xTG mice corrects mitochondrial function and indicates sex-specificity in response to Alzheimers intervention. Journal of Alzheimers Disease. 32(1)217-32.8.Emerson Lombardo, N.B.,Volicer, L .Martin, A,.Wu B and Zhang XW. (2006) Memory Preservation Diet To Reduce Risk and Slow Progression of Alzheimers Disease. in Vellas, B., Grundman, M., Feldman, H., Fitten, L.J., Winblad, B., ed.,Research and Practice in Alzheimers Disease and Cognitive Decline, vol 9, 138-159.You might also enjoyNew neuroscience reveals 4 rituals that will make you happyStrangers know your social class in the first seven words you say, study finds10 lessons from Benjamin Franklins daily schedule that will double your productivityThe worst mistakes you can make in an interview, according to 12 CEOs10 habits of mentally strong people

Brief Article Teaches You the Ins and Outs of Catering Resumes and What You Should Do Today

Brief Article Teaches You the Ins and Outs of Catering Resumes and What You Should Do Today New Step by Step Roadmap for Catering Resumes The Inside Address the address of the individual or company youre writing the letter to. Whether there are any distinctive requirements make certain you include the info in your bartender resume. If youre asking for a position for a Kitchen Manager, you can have to have a hintergrund in hospitality management, a fantastic cover letter, and an inspiring resume. The previous portion of job descriptions is generally the Requirements section. Whether this Catering Manager resume example was not sufficient for you, youre absolutely free to review a few other samples and templates from our website. Whether this Waitress And Waiter resume example was not sufficient for you, youre totally free to review a few other samples and templates from our website. The very first key section of your resume is known as the Career Objective. Utilize our sampl e resume for a nutritional Aide each time you would really like to submit an application for work. The Good, the Bad and Catering Resumes Managers would be most pleased to realize that their people truly care about the company, and showing your enthusiasm to learn about just what the restaurant is selling is vital. There are two resources that youre able to sell to each geschftsleben on Earth time and money. Remember that you want to sell yourself, your practical experience and any donation youve got to provide you the organization. Finding the very best deal can take a while and might imply some distinctive searches, but you ought to take advantage of the recent advances of search engines. Catering services would need to be among the most popular small business opportunities currently. Generally do not create what you would love in job. You may choose to receive your resume highly related to every job. Your odds of getting the job can become very slim when it happens. The se sales resume samples will help you to get closer to getting that Sales job that you dream about. One of the easiest methods they will use is to choose a keyword search, and thats why the skills you list have to be relevant to the job available. Seeking the function of a Chef at Charlies Resort where theres an opportunity to generate use of exceptional food management skills, gastronomic expertise, and understanding of guest solutions, along with excellent organizational skills that please both customers and employers. Coordinate with suppliers to guarantee on-time shipping. As the deficiency of experience could be disadvantage, but nevertheless, it can not need to be an insurmountable obstacle. If youre asking for a bartending vacancy at a well-known restaurant or club in your area then there are chances that youd be facing stiff competition. Perhaps the best jobs on the planet involve food. Though its the ideal job for folks who get bored easily on the job. Hands-on expe rience within the field is all that counts. As a business innovator, youve so many different and desirable strengths and your main challenge in making a strong resume is to continue being concise. The ability to construct strong teams in addition to be a strong team player. Promotes the professional growth and maturation of the full team. For example, you should deliver internship program letters into some wide variety of businesses who might be ready to engage you as an intern. To make sure you appoint the best professional resume writer you find it possible to manage use the next info. Possessing Essential Thinking skills can allow you to navigate through challenging conditions and get the best classes of actions. Therefore, some catering businesses have moved towards full-service small business model popularly connected with event planners. It is crucial to keep the expense of the supplies and food below a price margin in order to earn a profit on the catering. Utilize thecareer objectivewhen writing catering resumes with very little or no experience. Utilize thecareer summarywhen you have lots of catering experience behind you.

The Most Popular Nanny Resume Examples

The Most Popular Nanny Resume Examples Another typical mistake on nanny resumes is repeating the very same experience and qualifications again and again. An outstanding Nanny resume, like this example, will incorporate quite a few impressive skills your employer or client is on the lookout for in a candidate. Instead, in the majority of circumstances, employers prefer to observe a summary statement that puts your example important abilities and qualifications front and center. Steer clear of buzzwords, but do try to mirror the language used to refer to example abilities and traits the employer is searching for. Lies Youve Been Told About Nanny Resume Examples Write information from your previous work experience and education, bearing in mind the qualities of the nanny position you want to fill. Be certain that your resume covers as several facets of childcare as possible. Since youll see on the subsequent nanny resume sample, its essential for job seekers within this horiz ont to demonstrate their expertise and experience in every area of childcare. Attempt to highlight the special facets of each job. To write such a powerful resume, one should refer to the subsequent Babysitter Resume Samples that have the ideal vorlages and format together with an extremely impressive personal summary that will highlight all the traits of an ideal babysitter and a number of them also include cover letter and other guidelines. If youre helped by the notion of the article Resume microsoft word, dont neglect to share with your pals. Its possible to put whatever you want on the list. Resume and cover letter examples may also provide you ideas of the kind of language you need to use. To discover just about all graphics inside Babysitter Responsibilities Resume images gallery you want to abide by this site link. 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To begin with, consider the work description. Nanny Resume Examples Explained A nanny is a complete time babysitter in which you usually dwell in the house of your employer. Being s he requires more than just a loving heart. Your new nanny might want to speak to somebody about you. A nanny who knows the way to deal with situations from the ordinary is a coveted employee. At the close of the day, try to remember that the purpose of a nanny resume is to convince a loving family that youre trustworthy enough to be a member of the household and attention for their youngster. When youre making your nanny resume, youre not just applying for work, youre asking to fill a vital area in a familys house life. A Nanny is a rather noble profession that has vast repercussions in contributing upright, responsible and productive individuals to society. Well-loved nannies can appear to be part of the family, therefore its very important to parents and kids alike to find a person whos the best fit for the job.

Boost Your Productivity With These (Home) Office Design Tweaks

Boost Your Productivity With These (Home) Office Design Tweaks Whether you work from home or from an office, there will always be things that are out of your control. Maybe your office is always freezing, your coworker always talks two times louder when theyre on the phone, or theres construction going on right next to your building. Or maybe your boss just wont stop asking you for more than you can feasibly schliff in a day.You cant change these things, but you can make changes to your workspace - whether at your companys office or at home - that will boost your productivity and make you and your demanding boss happy. Here are five ways to boost productivity with simple office design tweaks.1. Streamline and SimplifyThis one seems like a no-brainer, but youd be surprised at how many things you can pare down in your workspace to streamline your workflow. Simply recycling, shredding, or deleting items you no longer need can cut down on clutter (both physical and digital). Create a sim ple and easily searchable filing system for your important digital and physical files. The less time you spend searching for necessary items, the more efficient you can be.2. Optimize LightingSourceGood lighting is one of the keys to working well. Poorly lit spaces can cause eye strain, headaches, fatigue, and elevated stress levels. Natural lighting is always best, but if you dont have access to a window, use indirect lighting to illuminate workspaces.If youre designing your own home office, make sure you choose a space with lots of natural lighting and position your computer to eliminate glare.3. Minimize Noise DistractionNoise is one of the most common office complaints and while those who work-from-home might leid have to deal with noisy coworkers, noisy neighbors are certainly a concern for apartment dwellers. Coworking spaces and cafes also present their fair share of unwanted background noise. Excessive background noise while working has been directly linked to reduced produ ctivity, increased stress, illness, and job dissatisfaction. White noise generators are helpful for masking the sound of voices, and there are even apps that can turn your phone into a white noise machine. If that doesnt do the trick, consider investing in a pair of noise-canceling headphones for those times when you need to hear yourself think (or join a conference call undisturbed).4. Bring the Outside InSourceHaving plants in the office increases workplace productivity and improves employee health. However, theres no substitute for the great outdoors. Taking a quick break to get some fresh air can also boost productivity by giving you a much-needed dose of nature.5. Enhance the EnvironmentColor plays a huge role in the overall look and feel of an office, but did you know it can also have a significant impact on productivity? White walls are the worst. Designing offices with color schemes designed to reinforce specific activities can increase the effectiveness of a workspace. For example, a recent study shows the color red can improve detail-oriented work while blue can encourage creative tasks. A colorful office may result in more productive output. Whether you have control over your cubicle or over the color of your entire home office in mind, keep these tips in mind when deciding how to decorate.---You dont have to do a complete overhaul of your office to become more productive and find your surroundings more pleasant. With a few thoughtful tweaks, you can improve the look, feel, and level of productivity in an office.Related Articles Around the Web How office design can increase productivity - Spaces Aki Merced

7 Mindset Changes Successful People Learn to Embrace

7 Mindset Changes Successful People Learn to Embrace7 Mindset Changes Successful People Learn to EmbraceMore than anything, your mindset determines your success.If Oprah had a negative mindset, her empire wouldve never gotten off the ground, and Steve Jobs wouldve been yet another burnt out and fired founder, if it wasnt for his determined thinking.Granted, youre probably not walking around like Eeyore or acting incredibly negative- but who couldnt use some more success?Making these simple mindset changes can help you achieve the radical success youre after. Bonus Theyre easier to implement than you may think. Check them out for yourself1. Turn Envy Into AdmirationTo change schwimmbad habits, we must study the habits of successful role models, said Jack Canfield, entrepreneur, motivational speaker, and author ofThe Success Principles How to Get From Where You Are to Where You Want to Be.How many times have you done the opposite of this, and found yourself jealous of someone else, may be without even realizing it?ur natural tendency when we see people who have more success is to envy them. Sometimes this envy can turn into belittling their achievements She only got that promotion because shes related to the CMO.Successful people, however, refuse to let envy take over. They train themselves to remember that theres always more to someones story than meets the eye, and they use this perspective to feel genuinely happy for others who achieve success. Even better, they finda mentor(or a few) to inspire them to reach higher, and you can too.2. Turn Procrastination Into AchievementProcrastination can come in many forms and, at one point or another, weve all given into it. We can fall into the procrastination trap by just thinking about one word in our minds later.Heres a super simple mindset shift for making yourself more successful in no time Every day, tackle the task that you dread the most first.If you want to become a more successful partie, eliminate that word fro m your daily planning and decide to knock out the most overwhelming task with your morning coffee. Whatever the task is- and whatever the day is- wake up and, as Nike said,just do it.3. Turn Gut Reactions Into Level-Headed ThinkingWhile many of us face the urge to procrastinate tasks, theres a contrasting mindset thats just as easy to fall into Making rash decisions based on emotions.But, as the popular saying goes Dont make a permanent decision from your temporary emotion.In my many years in finance, Ive seen people throw decades of financial planning out the window because of their emotions. And its beyond easy to do this in a stressful workplace, too.When successful people find themselves in situations where theyre extremely angry, sad, or frustrated, they let themselves ride out those emotions without acting on them. The simple act of waiting to make a decision until youve returned to a levelheaded state can play a huge role in the success you achieve.4. Turn Defensiveness Into CuriosityRaise your hand if you justlovegetting feedback and critiques.No one?Okay, so maybe hearing criticism is a little difficult for all of us. But, in order to become more successful, its necessary. And, to become radically successful, you may even need to startaskingfor feedback.Forbes found a strong correlation betweenleaders who asked for feedback and leaders ranked highest for effectiveness. Leaders who were in the lower 10% of people who asked for feedback were only ranked as 17% effective by their peers and employees. Meanwhile, leaders who were in the top 10% of people who asked for feedback received an average effectiveness rating of 83%.Rather than fearing feedback and defending any critiques, try to be curious of how others view your performance. This curiosity and the process of asking for feedback can be difficult, but ultimately it will provide insight that could be the difference between reaching your goals and falling short.5. Turn Talent Into HabitsStudies have found that shifting from afixed mindset to a growth mindsetresults in radical success. If you arent familiar with these terms A growth mindset is one that believes intelligence and skill can be developed, while a fixed mindset is one that believes intelligence and skill are static.A person with a fixed mindset is likely to think, Im a naturally talented writer, so its likely that I will achieve great things in the writing field. While, at first, there may seem to be nothing wrong with this mindset, it only applies to one niche. This same persons fixed mindset will also think, Im not naturally talented at public speaking, so its unlikely that I will achieve great things in public speaking.Having a fixed mindset will convince you that you cant succeed before you even try, while implementing a growth mindset will encourage you to put in the time and effort to succeed. So start shifting your thinking toward growth today.6. Turn Tasks Into SkillsWhats a task that you hate being assigned to at work? For some people, the idea of being in meetings all day sounds dreadful (yup, Ive been there). For others, being asked to organize spreadsheets sounds like a snoozefest.Jeffrey Pfeffer, who has been a professor at the Stanford Graduate School of Business since 1979, has something to say about this. In his article aboutbecoming successful by changing your mindset, he talked about how being assigned complex, time-consuming, and even dull projects is bound to happen to everyone, but the difference between a successful person and an unsuccessful person is how they approach it.Pfeffer left his readers with some advice you need to listen to The next time you find yourself at some meeting or event, the next time you get what you think is a boring, trivial assignment, consider how your mindset affects your approach.7. Turn Success Into HumilityFinally, one of the most important things you can do as you become more successful and earn more leadership roles is to channel that succe ss into humility.More than50% of people have left a job because of their manager. Have you? Its said that people dont quit jobs- they quit bosses. If youve ever been in that position, consider the qualities of that boss that left a bad impression. One of the most common traits cited by people who loathe their bosses is simply a lack of empathy.John Maxwell, leadership author and speaker, characterizes good leaders as the following A person who takes a little more than their share of the blame and a little less than their share of the credit.Remembering this perspective and adopting a humble mindset will allow you to influence others to become more successful, and it may even carve the path for others to view you as their own role model for success.What do you think of these mental changes? Do you have any to add? Give me a shout on FacebookorTwitterMore From Inc.The 9 Daily Steps Guaranteed to Shift Your Mindset8 Habits of the Super Successful5 Daily Habits That Will Cultivate a Pos itive MindsetPhoto of co-workers courtesy of Yuri_Arcurs/Getty Images.

Customize this Outstanding Entry Level Management Resume Template

Customize this Outstanding Entry Level Management Resume TemplateCustomize this Outstanding Entry Level Management Resume TemplateCreate ResumeSean Turner100 Main Street, Cityplace, CA, 91019Home (555) 322-7337 Cell 555 322 7337 example-emailexample.comCareer FocusSkilled Supervisor with experience in the retail industry. Familiar with all business systems.Core QualificationsExcellent quantitative skillsStrong knowledge of retailTeam leadershipCritical thinkerExperience in great customerservice skillsEducation and TrainingCoursework in G.ED not finishedAccomplishmentsSchedulingManaged detailed scheduling to ensure adequate staffing through high-volume holiday seasonDocumentationNumber 1 in abverkauf in the district.Excellent customer service award.Work ExperienceChair car driverApril 2010 to October 2012 Cataldo Ambulance Roslindale, MAResponsible for patients and there well being in transportingthem to appointments or functionsAssistant ManagerJanuary 2000 to February 2007 Strawbe rries (F.YE.) E.Boston, MAManaged store overseen several employees managed pLalso money handling bank deposits open and closed the storekept a very clean store with great customer service skills.Key HolderMarch 1997 to July 1999 Block Buster Brighton, MAOpened and closed the store,Responsible for cash handling anddeposits.Store cleanliness and overseen several employees.Customize ResumeMore Transportation and Distribution ResumesEntry Level Parking Resume Templates

10 Traditional Sayings to Remember While Job Seeking

10 Traditional Sayings to Remember While Job Seeking 10 Traditional Sayings to Remember While Job Seeking Difficult times during a job search can cause job seekers to question everything they hear. However, throughout the course of a career, there are certain things that never change. They never change even while the way people talk and dress for work and job interviews seems to change every week! Read these 10 traditional sayings that are true for job seekers in 2018, as much as they were 50 or 60 years ago. 10. Expect someone to “give you the cold shoulder” How it applies to job seeking There will be times when companies seem to disappear after an interview. You hear nothing from them, even when the interview seemed to be a success. They gave you the cold shoulder! History of the saying The cold shoulder today is considered rude. But it was actually regarded as a polite gesture in medieval England. The host of a feast would let his guests know it was time to leave by giving them a cold piece of meat from the shoulder of beef, mutton, or pork. 9. Know how to “break the ice” in your new job How it applies to job seeking Breaking the ice is a gesture made to begin a friendship or relationship on a positive note, something job seekers may think about after accepting an offer and discussing moving forward. History of the saying Before trains or cars, port cities that relied on trade suffered during the winter because of frozen rivers preventing commercial ships from entering the city. Small ships known as “icebreakers” would rescue the icebound ships by breaking the ice and creating a path for them to follow. 8. “People in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones” How it applies to job seeking Never speak negatively about your previous boss during job interviews. You appear to be someone who tends to attack others unfairly, which is bad for team chemistry and many other reasons. More so, someone looking for a job is in no position to accuse others of wrong-doing. History of the saying The saying can be traced back to Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Troilus and Criseyde”. The original intent was to say, “Those are vulnerable should not attack others.” 7. “Don’t get caught red-handed“ when it comes to your resume How it applies to job seeking Never lie on your resume. The last thing you want during an interview is to be caught red-handed in a lie because of your resume. History of the saying This saying comes from an old law that stated a butcher had to be caught with the animal’s blood on his hands in order to be convicted of butchering an animal he/she did not own. 6. “Go the whole nine yards” in your new job How it applies to job seeking This simply means, “Always do your best!” Whether it be a job or job interviews, always make the most of every opportunity. History of the saying World War II Fighter pilots received a 9-yard chain of ammunition. Therefore, when a pilot used all of his ammunition on one target, he gave it “the whole 9 yards.” 5. “Give a man a fish you feed him for a day, teach him to fish you feed him for a lifetime” How it applies to job seeking Never expect any company to simply give you a job. If the job is earned through your efforts, you will last longer in the company because you respect something more that you worked for. Anything job given to you without any effort can be taken away just as fast. History of the saying The origin of the quote is highly contested. The belief is it first appeared as a principle of alleviating poverty by facilitating self-sufficiency in the 12th-century by philosopher Maimonides in his eight degrees in the duty of charity. But it has been translated into so many cultures since then that every culture can stake a claim in its origin. 4. Don’t “rub people the wrong way” How it applies to job seeking Walking into an interview acting overly confident and rude, or not confident at all, can “rub people the wrong way”. Basically, it is the opposite of making a good impression on companies and hiring managers. History of the saying In colonial America, servants were required to both wet and dry-rub the oak-board floors each week. If you did this against the grain of the wood, streaks would form, making the wood look awful to the homeowner. 3. “Don’t put the cart before the horse” How it applies to job seeking Sometimes we see jobs we want so badly we are willing to apply even though we are not qualified. Skills and trades have to be learned first. A new resume is in order or some interview prep is required. Going after a job before you are prepared is putting the cart before the horse. History of the saying The earliest known reference to 'putting the cart before the horse' comes in John Heywood's “A dialogue containing the number in effect of all the proverbs in the English tongue, 1589”. Ultimately, this saying means, “Avoid disrupting the logical order of things.” 2. “Show your true colors” during an interview How it applies to job seeking Always show your best self in an interview that you plan to bring to work every day. Let them see your true colors so they know exactly what makes you special and valuable to a company. History of the saying Warships used to fly multiple flags to confuse their enemies. However, the rules of warfare stated that a ship had to hoist its true flag before firing. Therefore, they showed their true colors. 1. Don’t “spill the beans” about your previous company How it applies to job seeking When you are in an interview the last thing you want to do is start revealing secrets or speak negatively about the company. You can get yourself in trouble with previous companies, or worse, make the new company think you cannot be trusted. History of the saying In Ancient Greece, beans were used to vote for candidates entering various organizations. One container for each candidate was set out before the group members to place a white bean in the container if they approved of the candidate and a black bean if not. Sometimes a clumsy voter would accidentally knock over the jar, revealing all of the beans and allowing everyone to see the otherwise confidential votes. So, if you have a confidentiality agreement or you just do not approve of your last company, do not spill the beans and allow everyone to see what you know!

Different Types of Online Jobs for Teachers

Different Types of Online Jobs for Teachers Different Types of Online Jobs for Teachers As  higher education institutions continue to  make distance learning a part of their long-term strategies, the need for online teachersand other non-teaching, education positions such as instructional designersis expanding rapidly. However, the growth in the online education industry is not limited to colleges and universities. K-12 and high school level jobs for online teachers and tutors are exploding, as is businesses need for educational professionals in creating online training materials and courses. Often these jobs for online teachers are work-at-home opportunities (or could eventually become work at home), and so they represent an avenue for more flexible work that benefits for those in the education field. This list provides descriptions and links out to more resources. For specific companies that hire online teachers and education professionals, see this list of online education jobs. Online Teachers: Elementary, Middle and High Schools While higher education gets all the buzz for its online learning growth, K-12 school systems are embracing online education as well. In 2010, 39 states had implemented some online learning for K-12 students, and in many of the remaining states some districts offered online education (Keeping Pace, 2010). These online teacher positions are either directly through governmental entities (state, county, city or school district) or for companies that contract with school systems. In addition to the institutional jobs for online teachers, K-12 teachers can find work as in private online tutoring for students. Specifically, some of the positions in online K-12 education include: Online classroom teachersOnline tutor jobsInstructional designersHigh school instructors for foreign languages and other subjectsTest preparation and/or scoring jobs   Qualifications for these online teacher jobs vary widely with some jobs requiring teaching certification or advanced degrees while others simply make a platform available for writing ?online courses or for connecting online tutors with students. See this list of jobs for K-12 online teachers. Online Teachers: Colleges Both completely online colleges and brick-and-mortar colleges are expanding their online course offerings.   Naturally, this increase in enrollments means a greater demand for course development personnel to create the courses as well as online faculty to teach them. These are the two most basic categories of work in online colleges, but there are plenty of other opportunities: Online faculty, online course instructors and teaching assistants for college-level distance learningWriters/instructors of adult ed online courses offered at community collegesOnline tutors for college studentsForeign language and ESL teachersUniversity-level course developers, instructional designers (ID) and subject matter experts (SME)Test preparation and/or scoring jobs for GRE, GMAT, LSAT, etc. Most jobs teaching at online colleges requireat an absolute minimuma master’s degree. Tutoring too generally requires a master’s. Instructional design jobs may only require a bachelor’s and experience. Test prep jobs usually require a high score (95th percentile and up) on the test. See this list of jobs for online faculty. Online Jobs for Teachers: Corporations As more companies cultivate a telecommuting workforce, they need virtual training products to give their employees the skills to succeed remotely. And it may be more cost effective for on-site employees to train virtually. To meet this need, some large companies are hiring in-house instructional designers to design training programs and sometimes online instructors, though this task may fall on existing staff. Frequently, however, these training products are designed by companies that specialize in creating them. Either way, there is a growing need for educational professionals outside the world of academia. For-profit companies offer test preparation courses and materials for professional certification in addition to test preparation for academic tests. And many private-sector businesses contract with government and academic institutions to offer educational services. The jobs in this area include: TrainersOnline tutorsAdult ed, professional certification instructorsInstructional designersTest preparation and/or scoring jobs forTextbook and test editors Qualifications for these corporate education jobs vary. Professional experience in instructional design, training or education is usually required.

What Happens to Your Pension When You Leave a Company

What Happens to Your Pension When You Leave a Company What Happens to Your Pension When You Leave a Company Breaking ties with an old job is often enjoyable, sometimes bittersweet, and other times just plain bitter. If you have a  defined benefit pension, breaking ties can also be complicated. What happens to your pension plan when you leave a company before youre ready to retire? Will you get the money, and what should you do with it? Are there tax consequences you need to consider? There was a time when some folks wouldn’t consider leaving  a job with a defined benefit pension, but people  change jobs much more frequently than in the past, and the  types of benefits employers provide  have changed. If a better offer comes along before retirement, it’s up to you to decide what to do with the pension you have accumulated. What’s a Defined Benefit Pension? A defined benefit pension is what most people think of as the traditional, old-school pension that your father or grandfather had. You know, the type that guarantees workers who stay with a company a lifetime income stream during retirement. Defined benefit pensions are not as common these days, they have been replaced by  defined contribution plans, like  401(k)s, which put much of the savings responsibility on the employee and do not come with any guarantees of a set amount of retirement income. Are you Vested? According to the Department of Labor, in a defined benefit plan, an employer can require that employees have 5 years of service in order to become 100 percent vested in the employer funded benefits. Employers also can choose a graduated vesting schedule, which requires an employee to work 7 years in order to be 100 percent vested, but provides at least 20 percent vesting after 3 years, 40 percent after 4 years, 60 percent after 5 years, and 80 percent after 6 years of service. Plans may provide a different schedule as long as it is more generous than these vesting schedules. You are only entitled to the vested portion of your pension at the time you leave your employer Pension Options When You Leave a Job Typically, when you leave a job with a defined benefit pension, you have a few options. You can choose to take the money as a  lump sum  now, or take the promise of regular payments in the future, also known as an  annuity. You may even be able to get a combination of both. What you do with the money in your pension may depend on your age and years to retirement. If you are young and have a relatively small amount of money at stake, a lump sum may be the easiest choice. Keep in mind that most annuity payments are fixed and do not keep up with inflation. Today’s small annuity will look even smaller in the future. In 30 to 40 years, the buying power of your pension could be greatly reduced. Invest it yourself, perhaps with the help of an accredited financial advisor, and you may be able to get a better long-term return on your money. However, “know thyself”, if you are a disciplined investor, managing your pension resources will make more sense than if you are prone to fear based reactions to market moves. On the other hand, if you are closer to retirement and looking for guaranteed income, the annuity may be a more attractive option. You don’t have to worry about investing the money yourself in the precarious pre-retirement years. You may also have a better sense of the company’s near-term health and ability to meet its pension promises, (pensions are insured by the government through the  Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, but when companies go under, employees and former employees usually don’t get everything they had been promised). Sometimes, companies will offer extra benefits to encourage older employees to stay in their plan.  If your research indicates that your plan is underfunded or is likely to be so in the future, then you might be more likely to select a lump sum. What to Do With a Lump Sum Pension Payment If you do take the lump sum, consider transferring  the money directly from your pension into a  rollover Individual Retirement Account (IRA)  to keep it from being taxed. If your company writes you a check, you have 60 days to move the money into a tax-favored account before the money is taxed. Unless you really need the funds, it’s best to avoid spending the lump sum before retirement. Not only are you missing out on long-term investment growth, but you will also have to pay taxes on the cash plus a 10 percent early withdrawal penalty. If you have significant assets in your plan, you could face a significant tax bill. Within a rollover IRA, the funds can be invested in any way you choose. You could even purchase an annuity within the IRA to capture some of that guaranteed income on your own. Some retirement plan administrators, including Vanguard and Fidelity Investments, offer advice and online tools to help employees decide between an annuity and a lump sum. It’s worth playing around with a few of them before making a decision. You can also contact plan administrators for advice based on your specific circumstances and goals.

Why Employers Dont Give Feedback to Candidates

Why Employers Don't Give Feedback to Candidates Why Employers Don't Give Feedback to Candidates The majority of employers are not legally required to supply job candidates with information about why they were not hired for a job. Exceptions to this may exist when an employer is a governmental agency, covered by civil service requirements, or if the employees have a collective bargaining agreement that outlines the process for promotions or transfers. So, if you are seeking a job in the government or a workplace with a union contract, make sure you understand the rules that pertain to hiring, promotions, job transfers, and other conditions of employment. In these cases, it is best to seek legal advice for what is required in the city, state, or country where you live. Even though feedback is not legally required, if you were not hired for the job after participating in an interview process, you can ask for feedback- and its generally a good idea to do so. You might not receive any helpful information, but sometimes even generic responses can offer a clue. Why Feedback Is Uncommon Legal concerns and limited time are among the top reasons you might not get feedback if rejected for a job. Many attorneys recommend that employers provide little feedback to job candidates. They are concerned it can be used or misconstrued by the applicant to demonstrate discrimination in the hiring process. Many employers follow this advice and consider it safest to avoid providing any feedback. Beyond legal concerns, time is limited. A form rejection letter still takes staff time to develop and send and providing feedback to a candidate takes additional time. On top of that, most employers want to avoid what can be a difficult phone conversation. They dont want to take additional time coping with a rejected candidate who becomes upset or angry. By the time you find out youve been rejected, hiring managers or human resources have already moved on from you as a candidate, so spending more time on you is not a priority for them. In addition to a lack of time, most hiring managers want to avoid questions from rejected candidates about how they can improve their resumes or interviewing skills. HR employees know their own hiring practices, but they only can guess what other companies are seeking and dont see themselves as qualified to offer such advice. Feedback That Might Be Provided As a job searcher, you likely are hungry for feedback. The longer they’ve been searching for a job, the more desperate you might be to find out why you are not getting the job. An employer who is willing to take the time and can offer constructive, actionable feedback is a welcome gift. Unfortunately, 70 percent of employers surveyed by job recruiter Gerry Crispin in 2012 did not provide feedback to candidates who are not hired. The survey included 100 American companies most admired for their HR practices. Still, several reasons why employers might want to provide feedback to a candidate were cited in the survey: They like a candidate and believe they would hire her for the right opportunity in a less competitive recruitment.They want to create an environment of goodwill for the company in which candidates will tell friends and social media positive things about interviewing with them. Reputation plays an important role as talent becomes scarce. The companys reputation as an employer of choice is dependent on how they treat candidates as well as employees.They want a candidate to experience the companys integrity and transparency in its hiring practices so he is less likely to target the firm with a lawsuit.